Core Pillars of OOP in Python

1. Encapsulation

class BankAccount:
    def __init__(self, owner: str, initial_balance: float = 0.0):
        self.owner = owner
        self._balance = initial_balance
    @property
    def balance(self):
        return self._balance

2. Inheritance & Polymorphism

class BaseTracer:
    def trace(self):
        pass